Book I:
Justice and Injustice
Justice = virtue and happiness
Virtue and wisdom or evil and folly
Book II:
God is perfectly simple and true in word and deed; he changes not; he deceives not, either by sign or word, by dream or waking vision.
Book III:
Can any man be courageous who has the fear of death in him?
Education, music, gymnastics, guardians.
Book IV:
Happiness of diferent classes of people.
Causes of the deterioration of the arts:
Wealth and poverty.
Size of a State and limits of territory.
Four virtues of a perfect State:
_ Wisdom
_ Courage
_ Temperance
_ Justice
Book V.
Wisdom vs opinions.
Guardians of the State.
Guardian wives and children in common.
Philosophers in charge of the State.
Book VI.
True and false philosophers.
The intellectual world and the visible world.
Four faculties of the soul:
- reason
- understanding
- faith (or conviction)
- perception of shadows
Book VII.
Head of state should be a philosopher educated in:
- War and peace
- Arithmetic
- Geometry, plane and solid
- Astronomy
- Harmony
- Have a dialectic mind = discussion and reason by dialogue.
Book VIII.
Four types of constitutions: Best to worst.
1. Aristocracy - by best qualified (Crete and Sparta)
1a. Timocracy - based on weath
2. Oligarchy - government by the few
3. Democracy - government by the rich for the poor
4. Tyranny - government with absolute power vested in a single ruler.
Book IX.
Various kinds of leaders and how they got that way:
Tyrants = most unhappy
Democrats
Oligarchs
Timocrats
Aristocrats or Royals = happiest
Three classes of men:
Lovers of wisdom, lovers of honor, lovers of gain.
Book X.
Homer and poets = imitators, copy images of virtue and the like.
Paintors also are imitators.
Users of objects, makers, and imitators.
The arts of measuring, numbering, and weighing.
Soul is immortal.
Just and unjust - rewards and punishment.
Heaven and earth.
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